V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 29 th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 1919, c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y 100 n\u0103m, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0\u00a0khoa h\u1ecdc\u00a0ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eadt th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft mang t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi, c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0\u00a0Thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i\u00a0r\u1ed9ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9a con tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a Albert\u00a0Einstein, thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea1t gi\u1ea3i Nobel kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 J.J. Thompson g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 “m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u t\u01b0 duy v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi”.<\/p>\n
Cho t\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u1ea3y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eadt th\u1ef1c n\u0103m 1919, Thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a Einstein \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 n\u0103m 1915 v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a h\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh t\u00ednh \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn trong th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m. Sau h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb, Arthur Eddington, gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c \u0110\u00e0i thi\u00ean v\u0103n Cambridge \u0111\u00e3 set-up k\u00ednh vi\u1ec5n v\u1ecdng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 thu \u1ea3nh c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o Principe, ngo\u00e0i kh\u01a1i b\u1edd T\u00e2y ch\u00e2u Phi. T\u1ea1i th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n Sobral, Brazil, nh\u00e0 thi\u00ean v\u0103n Andrew Crommelin c\u0169ng \u0111\u1eb7t nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb quan s\u00e1t t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p \u1edf Ch\u00e2u Phi \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n
N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t t\u00ed v\u1ec1 l\u1ef1c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn-tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c. Trong h\u01a1n hai th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, l\u1ef1c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadt theo c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 B\u00e1c h\u1ecdc thi\u00ean t\u00e0i Isaac Newton \u0111\u01b0a ra: C\u00e1c v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c nh\u1eefng l\u1ef1c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn l\u00ean nhau. Nh\u01b0ng sau \u0111\u00f3, Einstein l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn kh\u00e1c h\u1eb3n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y. Einstein kh\u00f4ng cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i l\u1ef1c, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 do s\u1ef1 b\u1ebb cong kh\u00f4ng gian c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1eadt th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n
\u00dd t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn v\u00e0o l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd. Nh\u01b0ng Einstein v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 ni\u1ec1m tin m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t r\u1eb1ng r\u1eb1ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang. V\u00e0 n\u1ebfu l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u00fang, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y: Tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i c\u1ee7a ch\u00f9m tia s\u00e1ng m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n nh\u1ecf.<\/p>\n
Ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng cho r\u1eb1ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n th\u1ebf. \u00c1nh s\u00e1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, v\u00e0 trong ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng E=mc^2, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 hai d\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt. K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng gian b\u1ecb b\u1ebb cong, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng s\u1ebd \u0111i theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111i theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eb3ng n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n
M\u1ecdi v\u1eadt c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ebb cong kh\u00f4ng gian v\u00e0 l\u00e0m cong ch\u00f9m tia s\u00e1ng, nh\u01b0ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3, m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n. H\u00e3y t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng ph\u00e1t ra t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i sao xa x\u00f4i, \u0111i ngang qua m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, b\u1ecb tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi b\u1ebb cong v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea7m quan s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. L\u00fac n\u00e0y ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y ng\u00f4i sao l\u00fac n\u00e3y \u1edf m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed kh\u00e1c so v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n
Tuy nhi\u00ean m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi l\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quan s\u00e1t theo \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng b\u00ean tr\u00ean. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ebfn khi x\u1ea3y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Nh\u1eadt th\u1ef1c. M\u1eb7t tr\u0103ng s\u1ebd che m\u1edd b\u1edbt \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng t\u1eeb m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, v\u00e0 l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i sao n\u1ec1n ph\u00eda sau. S\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ec1 r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u00e1nh sao ch\u1ec9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ec1 r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n nh\u00ecn t\u1eeb kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch 1 d\u1eb7m.<\/p>\n
Sau khi nh\u1eadt th\u1ef1c k\u1ebft th\u00fac v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0, h\u1ecd l\u1ea1i m\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1c v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u00f4i sao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y tr\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m \u1ea3nh. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, h\u1ecd k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng sao th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 b\u1ecb d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n – v\u00e0 theo m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Einstein.<\/p>\n
Nh\u00e0 thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc Ho\u00e0ng gia Anh, Frank Dyson, \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp chung c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i Thi\u00ean v\u0103n Ho\u00e0ng gia v\u00e0 H\u1ed9i Ho\u00e0ng gia t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 6 th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 1919 t\u1ea1i London. Dyson n\u00f3i “kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nghi ng\u1edd g\u00ec n\u1eefa” r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p \u0111o nh\u1eadt th\u1ef1c “x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n c\u1ee7a Einstein.”<\/p>\n
Sau c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 tr\u00ean, danh ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a Einstein \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Cho t\u1edbi b\u00e2y gi\u1edd, thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m nghi\u1ec7m trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eadp k\u1ec9 qua v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 t\u00e2n ti\u1ebfn h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 v\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. S\u1eafp t\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1ebd c\u00f2n ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i b\u00ean trong h\u1ed1 \u0111en v\u00e0 s\u00f3ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn.<\/p>\n
Ngu\u1ed3n: tinhte.vn<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Einstein \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 qua hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eadt th\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2054,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[213,346,348,350,352,354,160],"class_list":["post-2053","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc","tag-elite","tag-thuyet-tuong-doi-rong","tag-einstein","tag-nhat-thuc","tag-cong-ty-luat-elite","tag-dai-dien-shcn-elite","tag-elite-law-firm","cat-13-id"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2053"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2053"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2053\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2057,"href":"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2053\/revisions\/2057"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2054"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2053"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2053"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2053"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}