{"id":2189,"date":"2019-10-14T03:15:41","date_gmt":"2019-10-14T03:15:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi?p=2189"},"modified":"2019-11-07T04:39:56","modified_gmt":"2019-11-07T04:39:56","slug":"nobel-hoa-hoc-2019-vinh-danh-3-nha-khoa-hoc-phat-trien-pin-lithium-ion","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/nobel-hoa-hoc-2019-vinh-danh-3-nha-khoa-hoc-phat-trien-pin-lithium-ion\/","title":{"rendered":"Nobel H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 2019: Vinh danh 3 nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n pin lithium-ion"},"content":{"rendered":"

Gi\u1ea3i\u00a0Nobel H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc\u00a0n\u0103m nay thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ba\u00a0nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc, John Goodenough, Stanley Whittingham v\u00e0 Akira Yoshino v\u1edbi th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u\u00a0ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n\u00a0\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7\u00a0pin\u00a0lithium-ion\u00a0c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1ea1p l\u1ea1i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 70 v\u00e0 80 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng\u00a0thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb di \u0111\u1ed9ng. H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00ecnh b\u1ea7u gi\u1ea3i\u00a0Nobel\u00a0H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc n\u0103m nay cho r\u1eb1ng, c\u1ea3 ba nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a lo\u1ea1i pin nh\u1eb9, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1ea1p l\u1ea1i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/a> \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong h\u00e0ng t\u1ef7 chi\u1ebfc \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed kh\u00e1c, v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7n li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch.
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\n\u00d4ng Goodenough l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd th\u1ec3 r\u1eafn t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Austin, Texas. N\u0103m nay \u00f4ng 97 tu\u1ed5i, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn tu\u1ed5i nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i Nobel.<\/p>\n

Nh\u00e0\u00a0h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u\u00a0Saiful Islam t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Bath, Anh cho r\u1eb1ng:\u00a0\u201cT\u00f4i ngh\u0129 gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao cho h\u1ecd s\u1edbm h\u01a1n. Th\u1eadt tuy\u1ec7t khi th\u1ea5y ng\u00e0nh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn. Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng c\u1ee5c pin \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 k\u00edch th\u00edch cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb di \u0111\u1ed9ng. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc tin ba nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc gi\u00e0nh Nobel h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc n\u0103m nay tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh pin lithium-ion.\u201d<\/i><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 70 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, \u00f4ng Whittingham, khi \u1ea5y \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc New York n\u1ea3y ra \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i pin lithium c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ea1c l\u1ea1i. \u00d4ng t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n m\u1eabu d\u00f9ng anode b\u1eb1ng lithium-metal, c\u00f2n cathode b\u1eb1ng titanium disulfide. C\u1ee5c pin n\u00e0y c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn v\u00e0 lu\u1ed3ng ion lithium t\u1eeb anode ch\u1ea1y sang cathode c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u201cs\u1ea1c\u201d l\u1ea1i pin. Tuy nhi\u00ean khi \u1ea5y chi ph\u00ed cao v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n th\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n

Cu\u1ed1i th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 70, \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 80, \u00f4ng Goodenough ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n\u00a0pin s\u1ea1c\u00a0v\u1edbi cathode l\u00e0m t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng l\u1edbp oxide kim lo\u1ea1i thay v\u00ec titanium sulfide c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ion lithium. C\u00e1ch n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng pin th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n cao h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 lithium cobalt oxide tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn s\u1ed1 1 cho pin lithium-ion. V\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1985, \u00f4ng Yoshino, khi \u1ea5y l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n Asahi Kasei, h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c c\u00f9ng Sony, thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u, khi\u1ebfn pin li-ion tr\u1edf n\u00ean an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i h\u00f3a. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng anode n\u1ec1n carbon.<\/p>\n

K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a 2 th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ee5c pin nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ea1c h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m l\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111i xu\u1ed1ng. C\u00e1i l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a pin lithium-ion ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0103n m\u00f2n, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ion lithium ch\u1ea1y gi\u1eefa anode v\u00e0 cathode \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n

N\u00f3i theo ch\u00ednh l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft tr\u00ean Nobelprize.org:\u00a0“Pin lithium-ion \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi ch\u00fang ra m\u1eaft l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1991. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng d\u00e2y, kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch, v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra l\u1ee3i \u00edch l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t d\u00e0nh cho nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i.”<\/i><\/p>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n:\u00a0https:\/\/tinhte.vn\/threads\/nobel-hoa-hoc-2019-vinh-danh-3-nha-khoa-hoc-phat-trien-pin-lithium-ion.3024556\/<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Gi\u1ea3i\u00a0Nobel H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc\u00a0n\u0103m nay thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ba\u00a0nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc, John Goodenough, Stanley Whittingham v\u00e0 Akira Yoshino v\u1edbi th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u\u00a0ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n\u00a0\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7\u00a0pin\u00a0lithium-ion<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2192,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2189","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc","cat-13-id"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2189"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2189"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2189\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2336,"href":"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2189\/revisions\/2336"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2192"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2189"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2189"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2189"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}