{"id":6898,"date":"2023-02-20T14:35:40","date_gmt":"2023-02-20T07:35:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/?p=6898"},"modified":"2023-11-08T16:34:49","modified_gmt":"2023-11-08T09:34:49","slug":"top-20-sang-che-vi-dai","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/top-20-sang-che-vi-dai\/","title":{"rendered":"Top 20 S\u00e1ng Ch\u1ebf V\u0129 \u0110\u1ea1i Nh\u1ea5t M\u1ecdi Th\u1eddi \u0110\u1ea1i (P2)"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_68_1 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title \" >N\u1ed9i dung b&agrave;i vi\u1ebft<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #000000;color:#000000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #000000;color:#000000\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/top-20-sang-che-vi-dai\/#Top-20-Sang-Che-Vi-Dai-Nhat-Moi-Thoi-Dai-Phan-2\" title=\"Top 20 S\u00e1ng Ch\u1ebf V\u0129 \u0110\u1ea1i Nh\u1ea5t M\u1ecdi Th\u1eddi \u0110\u1ea1i (Ph\u1ea7n 2)\">Top 20 S\u00e1ng Ch\u1ebf V\u0129 \u0110\u1ea1i Nh\u1ea5t M\u1ecdi Th\u1eddi \u0110\u1ea1i (Ph\u1ea7n 2)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/top-20-sang-che-vi-dai\/#11-DONG-CO-DOT-TRONG\" title=\"11. \u0110\u1ed8NG C\u01a0 \u0110\u1ed0T TRONG\">11. \u0110\u1ed8NG C\u01a0 \u0110\u1ed0T TRONG<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/top-20-sang-che-vi-dai\/#12-DIEN-THOAI\" title=\"12. \u0110I\u1ec6N THO\u1ea0I\">12. \u0110I\u1ec6N THO\u1ea0I<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/top-20-sang-che-vi-dai\/#14-O-TO\" title=\"14. \u00d4 T\u00d4\">14. \u00d4 T\u00d4<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/top-20-sang-che-vi-dai\/#15-MAY-BAY\" title=\"15. M\u00c1Y BAY\">15. M\u00c1Y BAY<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/top-20-sang-che-vi-dai\/#16-Thuoc-khang-sinh-PENICILLIN\" title=\"16. Thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng sinh PENICILLIN\">16. Thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng sinh PENICILLIN<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/top-20-sang-che-vi-dai\/#17-TEN-LUA\" title=\"17. T\u00caN L\u1eecA\">17. T\u00caN L\u1eecA<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/top-20-sang-che-vi-dai\/#18-SU-PHAN-HACH-HAT-NHAN\" title=\"18. S\u1ef0 PH\u00c2N H\u1ea0CH H\u1ea0T NH\u00c2N\">18. S\u1ef0 PH\u00c2N H\u1ea0CH H\u1ea0T NH\u00c2N<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/top-20-sang-che-vi-dai\/#20-MAY-DIEN-TOAN-CA-NHAN-PC-Personal-Computer\" title=\"20. M\u00c1Y \u0110I\u1ec6N TO\u00c1N C\u00c1 NH\u00c2N (PC, Personal Computer)\">20. M\u00c1Y \u0110I\u1ec6N TO\u00c1N C\u00c1 NH\u00c2N (PC, Personal Computer)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/top-20-sang-che-vi-dai\/#21-INTERNET-Xep-hang-Thuong-them\" title=\"21. INTERNET (X\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng Th\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00eam)\">21. INTERNET (X\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng Th\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00eam)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Top-20-Sang-Che-Vi-Dai-Nhat-Moi-Thoi-Dai-Phan-2\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 20px;\"><strong>Top 20 S\u00e1ng Ch\u1ebf V\u0129 \u0110\u1ea1i Nh\u1ea5t M\u1ecdi Th\u1eddi \u0110\u1ea1i (Ph\u1ea7n 2)<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">Quang Minh, <a href=\"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/nhan-su\/lawyer-nguyen-tran-tuyen\/\">Tuyen Tran<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/\">ELITE Law Firm<\/a>, theo <a href=\"https:\/\/bigthink.com\/the-present\/inventions\/\">bigthink.com<\/a>, ChatGPT<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">20\/02\/2023\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/top-20-sang-che-vi-dai-nhat-moi-thoi-dai-p1\/\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000080;\">|Top 20 S\u00e1ng Ch\u1ebf V\u0129 \u0110\u1ea1i Nh\u1ea5t M\u1ecdi Th\u1eddi \u0110\u1ea1i (Ph\u1ea7n 1)<\/span><\/strong><\/a>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: left;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"11-DONG-CO-DOT-TRONG\"><\/span>\n<span style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><strong>11. \u0110\u1ed8NG C\u01a0 \u0110\u1ed0T TRONG<\/strong> <\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<p>S\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19 do k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi B\u1ec9 Etienne Lenoir ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o n\u0103m 1859 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Nikolaus Otto ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1876, lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 bi\u1ebfn h\u00f3a n\u0103ng th\u00e0nh c\u01a1 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i xe h\u01a1i hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 m\u00e1y bay. C\u00f4ng ty xe h\u01a1i \u0111i\u1ec7n Tesla c\u1ee7a Elon Musk v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ty kh\u00e1c, hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h1><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"12-DIEN-THOAI\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><strong>12. \u0110I\u1ec6N THO\u1ea0I<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<p>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi duy nh\u1ea5t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 lo\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng nh\u00e0 s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 g\u1ed1c Scotland Alexander Graham Bell \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean cho \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i d\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1876. Ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn, c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng giao ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>13. V\u1eafc-xin TI\u00caM CH\u1ee6NG<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>D\u00f9 \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u00f2n g\u00e2y tranh c\u00e3i nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ti\u00eam ph\u00f2ng c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 l\u1edbn trong vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt v\u00e0 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. V\u1eafc-xin \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ng\u1eeba b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1eadu m\u00f9a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1edfi Edward Jenner v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1796. V\u1eafc-xin ng\u1eeba b\u1ec7nh d\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1edfi nh\u00e0 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 sinh v\u1eadt h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p Louis Pasteur v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1885, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a v\u1eafc-xin tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n y h\u1ecdc ng\u00e0y nay. Pasteur c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf ra quy tr\u00ecnh thanh tr\u00f9ng an to\u00e0n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m (pasteurization) mang t\u00ean \u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h1><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"14-O-TO\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><strong>14. \u00d4 T\u00d4<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<p>\u00d4 t\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ta di chuy\u1ec3n, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n l\u1eafp r\u00e1p tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o. Xe h\u01a1i hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19 b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng lao \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 Karl Benz ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00ec \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o ra chi\u1ebfc \u00f4 t\u00f4 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1885.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-6902\" src=\"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/18408674.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"1173\" height=\"675\" srcset=\"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/18408674.webp 1173w, https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/18408674-768x442.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1173px) 100vw, 1173px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0Karl Benz (trong b\u1ed9 vest s\u00e1ng m\u00e0u) trong chuy\u1ebfn du l\u1ecbch c\u00f9ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc \u00f4 t\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1893 v\u00e0 ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t xi-lanh \u0111\u01a1n, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 3 s\u1ee9c ng\u1ef1a c\u00f9ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, Theodor von Liebig, ch\u1ee5p t\u1ea1i Viktoria.\u00a0 (\u1ea2nh c\u1ee7a Hulton Archive\/Getty Images)<\/em><\/p>\n<h1><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"15-MAY-BAY\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><strong>15. M\u00c1Y BAY<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<p>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1903 b\u1edfi anh em nh\u00e0 Wright ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9, nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y bay \u0111\u00e3 mang th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi l\u1ea1i g\u1ea7n nhau h\u01a1n, cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang ta di chuy\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch r\u1ea5t xa. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf mang tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00f4ng qua nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u0103n h\u00f3a to l\u1edbn.Nh\u01b0ng, n\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0m leo thang t\u1ea7m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi s\u1ebd s\u1edbm n\u1ed5 ra v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh sau n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h1><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"16-Thuoc-khang-sinh-PENICILLIN\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><strong>16. Thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng sinh PENICILLIN<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<p>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf b\u1edfi nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi Scotland Alexander Fleming v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1928. Lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng sinh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u1ec1n y h\u1ecdc b\u1edfi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5m do vi khu\u1ea9n g\u00e2y ra. Penicilin \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u cho k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng sinh.<\/p>\n<h1><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"17-TEN-LUA\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><strong>17. T\u00caN L\u1eecA<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<p>Trong khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf ra t\u00ean l\u1eeda s\u01a1 khai, th\u00ec t\u00ean l\u1eeda hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20 cho nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, th\u1ee9 \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 <strong><em>cho ph\u00e9p con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 kh\u00f4ng gian v\u0169 tr\u1ee5<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h1><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"18-SU-PHAN-HACH-HAT-NHAN\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><strong>18. S\u1ef0 PH\u00c2N H\u1ea0CH H\u1ea0T NH\u00c2N<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<p>Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 bom nguy\u00ean t\u1eed. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec9nh cao c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng m\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 \u0111o\u1ea1t gi\u1ea3i Nobel c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20, nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf ra quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n h\u1ea1ch h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vinh danh cho c\u00e1c Nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c Otto Hahn v\u00e0 Fritz Stassmann, l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi Nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00c1o l\u00e0 Lise Meitner v\u00e0 Otto Frisch.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-6901 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/18408675.webp\" alt=\"Lise Meitner v\u00e0 Otto Hans\" width=\"499\" height=\"675\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00c1o Lise Meitner (1878 \u2013 1968) ch\u00fac m\u1eebng sinh nh\u1eadt l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 80 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c Otto Hahn (1879 \u2013 1968) t\u1ea1i Gottingen, \u0110\u1ee9c, ng\u00e0y 8 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 1959. C\u1eb7p \u0111\u00f4i n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c trong 30 n\u0103m trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1, m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec9nh cao \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf ra ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ph\u00e2n h\u1ea1ch h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n.\u00a0 (\u1ea2nh c\u1ee7a Keystone\/Hulton Archive\/Getty Images)<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><strong>19. CH\u1ea4T B\u00c1N D\u1eaaN<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Ch\u00fang l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 Th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y nay. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng silicon, c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u00e1n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ee9ng sau bi\u1ec7t danh c\u1ee7a \u201cThung l\u0169ng Silicon\u201d, n\u01a1i \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ng\u00e0y nay. Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ch\u1ee9a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u00e1n d\u1eabn \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1947, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf b\u1edfi John Bardeen, Walter Brattain v\u00e0 William Shockley l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m Bell Labs, Hoa K\u1ef3.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h1><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"20-MAY-DIEN-TOAN-CA-NHAN-PC-Personal-Computer\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><strong>20. M\u00c1Y \u0110I\u1ec6N TO\u00c1N C\u00c1 NH\u00c2N<\/strong> (PC, Personal Computer)<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<p>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1970, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc M\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n (PC) \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1974 b\u1edfi C\u00f4ng ty Micro Instrumentation and Telemetry Systems (MITS) th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng qua th\u01b0 c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u201cAltair\u201d. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c C\u00f4ng ty nh\u01b0 Apple, Microsoft v\u00e0 IBM \u0111\u00e3 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u1ea1i m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h1><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"21-INTERNET-Xep-hang-Thuong-them\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><strong>21. INTERNET<\/strong> (X\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng Th\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00eam)<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<p>Trong khi m\u1ea1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1960, khi n\u00f3 c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 ARPANET c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng Hoa K\u1ef3, th\u00ec Internet nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft ng\u00e0y nay l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u01a1n. Vi\u1ec7c s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf ra World Wide Web (WWW) v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1990 b\u1edfi Tim Berners-Lee ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0nh th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean l\u1ea1c, th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb\u2026<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%;\"><strong>M\u1ed9t g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Chat GPT:<\/strong> Th\u1eadt kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 h\u1eefu \u00edch nh\u1ea5t cho lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi xu\u1ed1ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n 20, v\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng ng\u00e0y nay. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 danh s\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i:<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%;\">\n<ol>\n<li><strong>B\u00e1nh xe<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>M\u00e1y in<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0110i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0110\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0110\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed1t trong<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>B\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e8n \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>M\u00e1y bay<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>M\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>M\u1ea1ng internet<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Kh\u00e1ng sinh Penixilin<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>K\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0110i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Radio<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>T\u1ee7 l\u1ea1nh<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0110i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>M\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>D\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n l\u1eafp r\u00e1p (c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p)<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>V\u1ec7 tinh<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>Xin l\u01b0u \u00fd l\u00e0 danh s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 mang t\u00ednh ch\u1ee7 quan v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 h\u1eefu \u00edch h\u01a1n.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Ngu\u1ed3n: <a href=\"https:\/\/bigthink.com\/the-present\/inventions\/\">Big Think<\/a> v\u00e0 ChatGPT.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #f78731;\"><strong>GI\u1ea2I QUY\u1ebeT TRANH CH\u1ea4P QUY\u1ec0N S\u1ede H\u1eeeU TR\u00cd TU\u1ec6 NHANH CH\u00d3NG, HI\u1ec6U QU\u1ea2<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #f78731;\"><strong>B\u1ea2O H\u1ed8 QUY\u1ec0N S\u1ede H\u1eeeU TR\u00cd TU\u1ec6 AN TO\u00c0N<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #f78731;\"><strong>\u0110\u1ec2 KINH DOANH B\u1ec0N V\u1eeeNG, PH\u00c1T TRI\u1ec2N TH\u00c0NH C\u00d4NG<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em><strong>C\u00d4NG TY LU\u1eacT ELITE\u00a0<\/strong>\u2013 255 Ho\u00e0ng V\u0103n Th\u00e1i, Kh\u01b0\u01a1ng Trung, Thanh Xu\u00e2n, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em><strong>S\u0110T:<\/strong>\u00a00243 7373 051 |\u00a0<strong>Hotline\/Zalo:<\/strong>\u00a00988 746 527 |\u00a0<strong>Email:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/em><a href=\"mailto:info@lawfirmelite.com\/vi\"><em>info@lawfirmelite.com\/vi<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 danh s\u00e1ch Top 20 s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t m\u1ecdi th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i, ghi d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi, \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6900,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[13,1351],"tags":[160,2226,168,2228,198,2230,213,2232,425,2234,635,2236,651,2238,659,2240,847,2242,1204,2244,1434,2246,1469,2248,2112,2250,2220,2252,2222,2254,2224,2256],"class_list":["post-6898","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc","category-bai-viet-noi-bat","tag-elite-law-firm","tag-cong-trinh","tag-cong-nghe","tag-khoa-hoc","tag-sang-che","tag-dot-pha","tag-elite","tag-noi-tieng","tag-nang-luong-vi","tag-cach-tan","tag-dien-tu","tag-su-tien-bo","tag-phat-minh","tag-giao-duc","tag-doi-moi","tag-su-phat-trien","tag-xay-dung","tag-khoi-xuong","tag-truyen-thong","tag-su-sang-tao","tag-y-te","tag-nhan-vat-lich-su","tag-thanh-tuu","tag-co-khi","tag-cach-mang-cong-nghiep","tag-vu-tru","tag-lich-su","tag-nong-nghiep","tag-ky-luc","tag-giao-thong-van-tai","tag-thien-tai","tag-quan-su","cat-13-id","cat-1351-id"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6898"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6898"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6898\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7465,"href":"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6898\/revisions\/7465"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6900"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6898"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6898"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lawfirmelite.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6898"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}